Thursday, September 26, 2013

I. INTRODUCTION



The word literature is derived from the Latin term litera which means letter.

Philippine literature is the body of works, both oral and written, that Filipinos wether native, naturalized or foreign born have created about the experience of people living in or relating the Philippine society.

Brother Azurin, said that “literature expresses the feelings of people to society, to the government, to his surroundings, to his fellowmen and to his Divine Creator.”
For Webster, literature is anything that is printed, as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination.
Philippine literature is the literature associated with the Philippines and includes the legends of prehistory, and the colonial legacy of the Philippines, written in both Indigenous, and Hispanic languages. Most of the notable literature of the Philippines was written during the Spanish period and the first half of the 20th century in Spanish language. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and other native Philippine languages.

Literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of man, literature can be said to be the story of man. Man’s loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams and aspirations coached in beautiful language is literature.

Why Do We
Need to Study
Philippine Literature?
We study literature so that we can better appreciate our literary heritage.

Through a study of our literature, we can trace the rich heritage of ideas handed down to us from our forefathers.


By the help of our literature we can understand ourselves better and take pride in being a Filipino.

Through such a study, we will realize our literary limitations conditioned by certain historical factors and we can take steps to overcome them.

Above all, as Filipinos, who truly love and take pride in our own culture, we have to manifest our deep concern for our own literature and this we can do by studying the literature of our country.

Literature and History

Literature and history are closely interrelated. In discovering the history of a race, the feelings, aspirations, customs and traditions of a people are sure to be included . . . and these feelings, aspirations, customs and traditions that are written is literature. History can also be written and this too, is literature. Events that can be written down are part of true literature. Literature, therefore, is part of history.






Literature and history, however, also have differences. Literature may be figments of the imagination or events devoid of truth that have been written down, while history is made up of events that really happened.

General Types of Literature
Literature can generally be divided into two types; prose and poetry.
Prose consists of those written within the common flow of conversation in sentences and paragraphs,
While poetry refers to those expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line and stanza and has a more melodious tone.

Different Types of Prose

a. Novels. A long narrative divided into chapters and events are taken from true-to-life stories.
b. Short story. This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot and one single impression.
c. Plays. This is presented on a stage, is divided into acts and each act has many scenes.

d. Legends. These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins.

e. Fables. These are also fictitious and they deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people and their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes.


f. Anecdotes. These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader.


g. Essay. This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event. The best example of this is the Editorial page of a newspaper.



h. Biography. This deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, his autobiography or that of others.


i. News. This is a report of everyday events in society, government, science and industry, and accidents, happening nationally or not.


j. Oration. This is a formal treatment of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public. It appeals to the intellect, to the will or to the emotions of the audience.




Different Types of Poetry

Narrative Poetry. This form describes important events in life either real or imaginary.

Lyric Poetry. Originally, this refers to a kind of poetry that is meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, but now, this applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings of the poet. They are usually short, simple and easy to understand.

Dramatic Poetry. Known as dramatic verse or verse drama, is a written work that both tells a story and connects the reader to an audience through emotions or behavior.

Prepared By:


Jet Christian C. Reyta

The history of a nation can be learned in its constitution, its laws and its political statements. But to know the history of a nation’s spirit, you must read its literature. For in literature you can discover how the people of a nation have reacted to the events around them. In the stories, essays and poems contained in this volume, you will read the dreams, anxieties, joys and problems of the Filipino in the past seventy-five years. By reading this development of Philippine Literature you will review what has happened to the Filipino since 1900.
But literature offers much more than a mere personalized history. For an important quality of art is to share with others the intense realization of a human experience. Through this sharing, you may recognize your own experiences. You may learn what you are or how you have become what you are. You may even learn what you might be in the future. Philippine literature shows you how the Filipino differs from others. Yet in a sense the Filipino writer is linked with all the other writers of the world. For in explaining or questioning human experience, writers are never alone. Philippine Literature in English is really a part of the literatures of the world.
A further quality of literature is that the expressions used should be memorable. The language should be clear and forceful so that the ideas strike the reader with almost the same force with which they struck the writer. The early Filipino writers had difficulty in expressing themselves since English was a language new to them. The marvel is that they learned this language so quickly and with such facility.
Philippine literature in English reveals the spirit of the Filipino. Gradually this literature has learned to express the deepest of human experiences in words that create memorable images. You may divide Philippine Literature in English into many types and numerous periods. But for our purposes, we shall consider three stages through which the literature has passed. The Philippine literature, it is important because by this we can preserve the literatures we have today. If no one would introduce or explain it to the up coming generations it would not exist in the next generation.

II. OWN COMPOSITION

1. HAIKU POEM

2. CONTRAST POEM

3. TURN-AROUND POEM

4. SHORT STORY

III. CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO AUTHOR


REGION I. I LOCOS

1. VIRGILLO R. SANTOS

2. TITA LACAMBRA AYALA
3. ANDRES CRISTOBAL CRUZ
4. GUILLERMO CASTILLO


REGION II. CAGAYAN VALLEY

1. INES TACCAD CAMMAYO
2. FERNANDO M. MARAMAG
3. LEONA FLORENTINO
4. PROF. CAROLINA A. ARCEO

REGION III. CENTRAL LUZON

1. FRANCISCO B. ICASIANO
2. ANGELA MANALANG GLORIA
3. RONY V. DIAZ
4. MAXIMO D. RAMOS

REGION IV. SOUTHERN TAGALOG

1. PAS MARQUEZ BENITEZ
2. PAS M. LATORENO
3. MAXIMO K. KALAW
4. HORACIO DELA COSTA S.J.
5. N.V.M. GONZALES

REGION V. BICOL

1. LUIS G. DATO
2. VENANCIO PRIETOZIGA

REGION VI. WESTERN VISAYAS

1. DOMINADOR I. ILLIO
2. MORLI DHARAM
3. ANTONIO S. GABILA

REGION VII. CENTRAL VISAYAS

1. EDITH TIEMPO
2. RENATO E. MADRID
3. ESTRELLA D. ALFON

REGION VIII. EASTERN VISAYAS

1. EDITH  E. ANGELES
2. CARLOS A. ANGELES
3. RAMON ESCODA

REGION IX. WESTERN MINDANAO

1. ALVAREZ ENRIQUIEZ

REGION X. NORTHERN MINDANAO

1. MIGUEL A. BERNARD S.J.

REGION XI. SOUTHERN MINDANAO
1. LEONCIO P. DERIADA

REGION XII. CENTRAL MINDANAO

1. RADIOMODA MAMITUA SABER
2. FRANK LAUBACH
3. LACAMBRA AYALA III

CAR-CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION


ARMM- AUTONOMOUS REGION IN MUSLIM MINDANAO



NCR-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

1.Bienvenido N. Santos

2.Efren Abueg
3.Lope k. Santos
4.Nick Joackin
5.Lualhati Bautista                           
6.Gilda Cordero-Fernando
7.Jessica Hagedorn
8.Alejandro Roces
9.Linda Ty Casper
10.Jose Garcia Villa





IV. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE



      Prose is basically written words structured the same as spoken words. Essentially the same as a book or short story, newspaper article, factual book or dialogue.
An example of writing that is not prose is poetry, which may rhyme, or have a rhythmic structure or form.
In a single simple sentence; Prose is writing the same as you would speak out loud.In literature, prose refers to any spoken or written language that is in it's ordinary form. It lacks any formal pattern or metrical structure. It applies a natural flow of speech instead of rhythmic structure.


TYPES OF PROSE

1.NOVEL

A novel is a fictional piece of prose  that is typically written in a narrative style and presented as a bound book. Novels tell stories, which are usually defined as a series of events described in a sequence. The novel has been a part of human culture for over a thousand years, although its origins are somewhat debated. Regardless of how it began, the novel has risen to prominence and remained one of the most popular and treasured examples of human culture and writing. Its form and presentation tends to change with the times, but it remains an essential part of the literary cultures of nearly all societies around the world.  

 2.SHORT STORY

Short Story a fictional prose tale of no specified length, but too short to be published as a volume on its own, as novellas sometimes and novels usually are. A short story will normally concentrate on a single event with only one or two characters, more economically than a novel's sustained exploration of social background. There are similar fictional forms of greater antiquity- fables, lais, folktales, and parables.

3. PLAY

A play is a form of literature written by a playwright, usually consisting of scripted dialouge between characters, intended for theateritical performance rather than just reading. Plays are performed at a variety of levels, from broadway off, regional theater to community theater as well a University or school productions. There are rare dramatists, notably george bernard shaw, who have had little preference whether their plays were performed or read. The term "play" can refer to both the written works of playwrights and to their complete theatrical performance.

4.LEGENDS  

 Legend are generally stories of origins. in particular the most common of which are creation stories and the origins of a people, place, animals or object.........


5.FABLES

Fable is a literary genre. A fable is a succinct fictional story, in  prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures , plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which are anthropomophized (given human qualities such as verbal communication), and that illustrates or leads to an interpretation of a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be added explicitly in a pithy maxim.
A fable differs from a  parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech and other powers of humankind.

6. ANECDOTE

An anecdote is a short account of an interesting or humorous incident. An anecdote is generally based on real life, an occurrence involving real people, whether famous or not, in actual places.


 7.ESSAYS

An essay is generally a short piece of writing written from an author's personal point of view, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article and a short story.

8.Biography   

 A biography or simply bio is a detailed description or account of a person's life. It entails more than basic facts (education, work, relationships, and death) - a biography also portrays a subject's experience of these events.

   9. NEWS 
News is the communication of selected information current events which is presented by print, broadcast, internet or word of mouth to a third-party or mass audience. 

 10.ORATION


 A formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion.A speech delivered in a high-flown or pompous manner.

V. STUDENTS OUTPUT












1. Gerasmia, Lynnette L.



2. Villagantol, Analiza



3. Gella, Kastine Irña



4. Malayas, Joanne Mae


5. Conception, Christine



         6. Demadara, Gretchen     

                                        

7. Ruhaida, Dalgan



8. Dizon,Nicah Marie



9. Marsangca, Sittie Haniyah



10. Luceño, Jo



11. Esmael, Fatmaila B.



12. Mambao, Norodin M.



13. Makakua, Rowena


14. Sobrevilla, Sharmaine



15. Aminola, Rosalie